STL Index for: inflammation

Most molluscum contagiosum lesions resolve on their own, but symptomatic or cosmetically troubling cases have long been managed with off-label agents and destructive procedures. That changed with the FDA approval of cantharidin 0.7% drug-device applicator in 2023 and berdazimer 10.3% gel in 2024. This review examines the trial evidence behind both, compares them with potassium hydroxide, salicylic acid, cryotherapy, curettage, and pulsed dye laser, and addresses the treatment gaps that remain in immunocompromised patients and those with atopic dermatitis.

The skin has long been read as a mirror of internal disease, but its relationship with bone is less familiar. Dermis and bone share a common embryonic origin, overlapping cell lineages, and collagen as a structural backbone. This review examines the skin-bone axis — vitamin D signalling, cystatin A, inflammatory dermatoses, corticosteroid effects on bone, cutaneous signs of metabolic and autoinflammatory bone disease, and the gut microbiome's role in both — and makes the case for a multidisciplinary approach to healthy aging.

Update on Dupilumab for SC injection (Dupixent®) and Adapalene 0.1% + benzoyl peroxide 2.5% acne treatment (Differin® Epiduo® Acne Gel). Also, in June 2026, bemotrizinol – long used internationally as Tinosorb® S – has become the first new FDA‑approved sunscreen filter in over 20 years.

Exosomes are emerging as a promising biologic platform in dermatology, with growing evidence supporting their role in wound healing, skin regeneration, pigmentation control, and inflammatory skin disorders through immune modulation and tissue repair mechanisms.

A closer look at the science behind one of the oldest skincare ingredients. Dr. Vincent Richer explores how oat oil stimulates ceramide synthesis, oat flour supports a healthy microbiome, and oat extract dampens inflammation—and why Aveeno Healing Ointment® offers a petrolatum-free path to barrier repair.

Review of topical ruxolitinib as a promising JAK inhibitor for mild to moderate hidradenitis suppurativa, including early trial results, safety data, and its role in addressing unmet treatment needs.

Discover icotrokinra, a groundbreaking oral peptide that targets the IL-23 receptor to treat moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Clinical trials show it delivers biologic-like skin clearance in a convenient once-daily pill.

Update on Calcipotriene and betamethasone dipropionate cream, 0.005%/0.064% (Wynzora®), Roflumilast foam 0.3% (Zoryve®), Roflumilast cream 0.05% (Zoryve®), and Lidocaine topical system 10% (Bondlido®)

The OX40-OX40 ligand pathway has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis, offering a novel approach that simultaneously addresses multiple inflammatory pathways involved in disease pathogenesis. This review examines phase II clinical trial data for three monoclonal antibodies targeting this pathway: amlitelimab, rocatinlimab, and telazorlimab.

Upadacitinib shows sustained long-term efficacy and safety for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in 76-week studies. The oral JAK inhibitor maintains 80%+ EASI-75 response rates with manageable side effects, outperforming dupilumab in head-to-head trials while offering faster symptom relief for chronic eczema patients.

Skin aging, caused by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, leads to decreased collagen, elastin and hydration levels with subsequent volume loss, dullness, uneven skin tone and fine lines, among other undesirable features. Individuals, especially youth, have become increasingly interested in slowing or preventing the aging process, given the impact of skin appearance on one’s self-esteem, social interactions and overall quality of life...

Real-world evidence from 7 Canadian cases shows tildrakizumab effectively treats moderate-to-severe psoriasis with excellent safety profile and patient satisfaction.

Lebrikizumab is a new IL-13 targeting monoclonal antibody approved for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in patients 12+ years. Learn about clinical trial efficacy, safety data, dosing, and how it compares to other AD biologics like dupilumab and tralokinumab.

Nanodermatology uses nanoparticles (1-1000 nanometers) to enhance transdermal drug delivery for treating psoriasis, vitiligo, acne, and atopic dermatitis. Learn about nanocarriers, liposomes, and how nanotechnology improves topical medication penetration while reducing side effects.

Nemolizumab, an IL-31 receptor antagonist, has demonstrated high efficacy and a favorable safety profile in phase 3 trials for prurigo nodularis and atopic dermatitis. Patients showed significant reductions in itch, improved skin lesions, and better quality of life over extended treatment periods.

IDP-126 is a novel fixed-dose topical gel combining clindamycin, benzoyl peroxide, and adapalene for moderate to severe acne. Approved by the FDA and Health Canada, it showed superior efficacy over dual therapies in phase 2 and 3 trials, with strong safety and tolerability outcomes.

Explore the safety and efficacy of roflumilast 0.3% foam, a novel PDE-4 inhibitor, for treating seborrheic dermatitis. This review evaluates clinical trial outcomes, tolerability, and advantages compared to traditional therapies, highlighting its role as an effective, once-daily non-steroidal treatment option.

Discover the role of IL-23 inhibition in psoriatic arthritis with a detailed review of guselkumab’s efficacy, safety, and practical use. This article summarizes key clinical trial findings, patient outcomes, and compares guselkumab to other biologic treatments, emphasizing its value as an alternative therapeutic option.

Explore a comprehensive overview of pediatric hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), a chronic inflammatory skin condition. This article delves into its epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, associated comorbidities, and treatment challenges. Gain insights into the unique aspects of pediatric HS, including its impact on quality of life and the importance of early diagnosis and management.

Learn about the role of biofilms in skin disorders like acne, atopic dermatitis, and chronic wounds. This article explores how biofilms contribute to disease pathogenesis, their resistance to antibiotics, and the latest conventional and innovative treatments aimed at targeting biofilm-associated skin conditions.

Discover how trifarotene, a fourth-generation retinoid, effectively treats acne and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). Learn about its benefits, clinical evidence, and role in managing acne sequelae.

Explore two case studies of plaque psoriasis, treatment challenges, and novel therapeutic options, including topical roflumilast 0.3% cream. Learn how targeting PDE4 can improve psoriasis management, offering a non-steroidal, effective, and convenient solution for patients with different severities.

Review of the effectiveness of trifarotene, a novel retinoid, in managing atrophic acne scars, highlighting its targeted action on retinoid acid receptor gamma (RAR-γ) and presenting recent clinical data supporting its use as a valuable adjunct treatment for acne scarring.

Explore the role of hormones in managing adult female acne with insights from Dr. Jennifer Lipson. Understand the pathophysiology, prevalence, and impact of hormonal therapies including oral contraceptives, spironolactone, and new topical treatments like clascoterone cream. Discover effective strategies for targeting hormones to treat this common and challenging condition.

This article reviews the use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in dermatology, highlighting its role in treating autoimmune and inflammatory skin diseases. It discusses how IVIG reduces the need for steroids or immunosuppressants and its applications in conditions such as autoimmune bullous dermatoses, dermatomyositis, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. The article also addresses dosing regimens, potential adverse effects, and the importance of ongoing research to further understand the efficacy and safety of IVIG in dermatologic treatments.

A review of the long-term efficacy and safety of tildrakizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-23/IL-17 pathway, in treating moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Evidence from Phase 3 clinical trials and extension studies demonstrates that tildrakizumab is an effective and well-tolerated therapy, significantly improving skin clearance and maintaining a favorable safety profile over several years of use.

Explore current and emerging therapies for Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS), a chronic, painful skin condition. This article reviews the challenges of HS treatment and introduces novel approaches including biologics like secukinumab and innovative therapies in clinical trials.

Discover the diverse dermatological manifestations in COVID-19 patients, including chilblain-like lesions, maculopapular rashes, and necrosis, reflecting the virus's complex impacts beyond respiratory symptoms. This review highlights the need for further research into these skin conditions' pathogenesis and treatment.

Explore the groundbreaking role of Spesolimab, a novel interleukin-36 inhibitor, in treating Generalized Pustular Psoriasis flares in adults. This article presents key findings from phase 1 and 2 clinical trials, emphasizing Spesolimab's effectiveness and safety.

Explore the efficacy of 1726 nm lasers, specifically AviClear and Accure systems, in treating moderate to severe acne vulgaris, offering a safe and effective alternative to systemic therapies.

This real-world case series intends to illustrate a variety of moderate-to-severe AD patient cases to help guide discussions around abrocitinib and describe its treatment strategies used by experts in the field.

Explore risankizumab for Psoriatic arthritis: Beyond ACR, it significantly improves enthesitis, dactylitis, and QoL scores like HAQ-DI. Promising in efficacy and safety, with full 208-week study results anticipated for a complete understanding.

Dupilumab: A groundbreaking FDA and Health Canada-approved treatment for Prurigo Nodularis (PN). This innovative therapy targets IL-4 and IL-13 signalling, effectively reducing inflammation, pruritus, and lesions. Its approval marks a paradigm shift in PN management, offering new hope for patients.

Targeting PDE4 with the selective inhibitor roflumilast, specifically through topical cream at a concentration of 0.3%, has proven to be an effective and well-tolerated strategy for treating plaque psoriasis.

This guide will help you navigate the benefits of recent advancements in topical drug formulations and delivery systems. These innovations address limitations seen in older formulations, ensuring efficient and uniform delivery of active ingredients to target areas, improving patient acceptability, and enhancing treatment outcomes.

Advances in cancer treatment have contributed to a reduction in mortality but survivors and healthcare providers should be aware of the potential adverse effects of these advanced treatments.

Psoriasis vulgaris is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease affecting 2-4% of the Canadian population. While most psoriasis vulgaris cases are mild-to-moderate (>80%) and do not require systemic treatment, these cases can still be particularly challenging to treat as topical therapies present limitations, including efficacy and administration, leading to poor long-term treatment compliance and unsatisfactory treatment responses. The intent of this paper is to provide physicians with a clinically relevant review of the currently available and newly developed topical therapies...

Oral JAK inhibitors are now the first-line treatment for advanced alopecia areata, surpassing topical JAK inhibitors. Baricitinib's FDA approval in 2022 was a significant milestone. More JAK inhibitors are being studied, and additional medications may gain approval soon. JAK inhibitors show promise for alopecia areata with a generally good safety profile, but long-term data is lacking.

Topical ruxolitinib shows promise in various dermatological conditions, including atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, psoriasis, and lichen planus, with a favorable safety profile compared to oral JAK inhibitors. However, its effectiveness in alopecia areata remains inconclusive.

Peri-procedural measures in dermato-surgery depend on patient factors and procedure type. Standardized guidelines support healthcare providers in optimizing outcomes, preventing infection, and reducing recovery time. Research is needed to evaluate purpose-designed moisturizers for post-procedural application and improving patient outcomes.